In Python, a module is a file containing Python definitions and statements. The file name is the module name with the suffix `.py` added. The primary purpose of Python modules is to organize and encapsulate code to promote reusability and better code organization.
Benefits of Modules:
1. Reusability: Once a module is created, it can be reused across various projects.
2. Namespace Separation: By keeping related code in a module, it creates a separate namespace, preventing naming conflicts.
3. Maintainability: Breaking a large application into multiple modules makes the codebase more manageable.
4. Sharing & Collaboration: Commonly used functionalities can be encapsulated into modules and shared across teams.
Using Modules:
1. Importing a Module: Use the `import` statement.
import math
print(math.sqrt(16)) # 4.0
2. Importing Specific Attributes: You can import specific functions, classes, or attributes.
from math import sqrt
print(sqrt(16)) # 4.0
3. Renaming during Import: Use the `as` keyword to rename a module during import, which is especially useful if there's a naming conflict.
import math as m
print(m.sqrt(16)) # 4.0
Creating Your Own Modules:
You can create your own module by simply saving your code with a `.py` extension. For instance, if you have a file `mymodule.py`:
# mymodule.py
def my_function():
return "Hello from my module!"
You can then import and use it in another Python script:
import mymodule
print(mymodule.my_function()) # Hello from my module!
